Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening cause of skin disease in horses. It is the most common autoimmune skin disease in the horse and is associated with the production of autoantibodies directed against surface proteins of the keratinocyte, which mediate intercellular adherence.
Normally, antibodies help fight infection and keep the horse healthy.
The exact cause of pemphigus foliaceus remains unclear, although some experts believe black flies and sensitivity to Culicoides gnats can be inciting factors.